Journal: JAMA Network Open

Article Title: Combined Digital Interventions for Pain Reduction in Patients Undergoing Knee Replacement

doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.33172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Longitudinal Analysis of Secondary Outcomes Based on GEE Model Results

Article Snippet: Prespecified secondary outcomes were mean pain intensity during the past week assessed on the NRS at 6 and 12 months; disability assessed using the Pain Disability Index (range, 0-70; higher scores indicate greater disability) at 3, 6, and 12 months; participation in physical activity (Active Australia Survey) at 3, 6, and 12 months ; sedentary behavior (Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire; reported as hours per week spent in sedentary behaviors) at 3, 6, and 12 months; health-related quality of life evaluated using the Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL-8D) instrument (total score range, 0-45, with higher scores indicating poorer quality of life) at 3, 6, and 12 months; patient activation level and raw score assessed using the 13-item Patient Activation Measure (scores range from 0-100, with higher scores indicating higher levels of patient activation; activation levels include 1, indicating “Disengaged and overwhelmed”; 2, “Becoming aware, but still struggling”; 3, “Taking action”; and 4, “Maintaining behaviors and pushing forward”) at 3, 6, and 12 months; technology self-efficacy assessed by the Modified Computer Self-Efficacy Scale (range, 0-100, with higher scores indicating higher levels of technology self-efficacy) at 3 months; objectively measured participation in physical activity using activPAL (PAL Technologies Ltd) and Fitbit (Fitbit) trackers at 3, 6, and 12 months; impression of change in pain intensity assessed by the Global Rating of Change using a 5-point Likert scale (from much worse to much better) at 3, 6, and 12 months.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Activity Assay